The Koran in French
The Koran (in Arabic: القُرْآن, al-Qor'ân?, meaning "the recitation") is the sacred text of Islam. For Muslims, it repeats verbatim the word of God. This Book remains the first and the oldest literary document, completeNote 1 and authentic known in Arabic until this day1,2 while the Muslim traditionNote 2 presents it as the first work in Arabic, with the specific character of inimitability in the beauty and in ideas.
For Muslims, the Qur'an includes the words of Allah, revelations (āyāt) made to the prophet and messenger of Islam Muhammad (محمد, Muḥammad, the praised) from 610–612 until his death in 6323 by the Archangel Gabriel (جبريل, Jibrîl).
The Koran is sometimes called simply al-kitâb (the book), adh-dhikr (the reminder) or even al furqân (the discernment). In this sense, it is, for Muslims, the uncreated expression of this attribute of Allah addressed to the intention of all humanity. The conditions of the writing down and then of the canonical fixation of the text, which tradition dates back to the third caliph, Uthman, are still the subject of research and debate among exegetes and historians of the twenty-first century.
